What is heart mitral regurgitation? Is it serious?
Core Tip: Cardiac mitral regurgitation is a high-risk disease
in the Department of Internal Medicine. The incidence of this disease is
relatively high today. After the disease, it has a great impact on the
patient's daily life and health. The incidence of mitral regurgitation of the
heart is relatively wide, and the incidence of females is generally higher than
that of males. People need to pay close attention to these diseases.
What is Rheumatic and Non Rheumatic Heart Mitral Regurgitation Disease?
Suffering from mitral regurgitation of the heart is more
serious, and its severity is reflected in the complex causes and symptoms of
the disease. It is medically believed that the most common cause of cardiac
mitral regurgitation is rheumatic fever.
Other causes include congenital
dysplasia, ruptured tendon, or infective endocarditis accompanied by leaflet
perforation.
The pathogenesis of cardiac mitral regurgitation is
relatively slow. Due to the increased left atrial pressure of the patient after
the disease, the patient's breathing will become rapid.
With the continuous
development of the patient's condition, the patient still has Will lose or lack
the ability to move, this is very dangerous.
Severely ill patients with cardiac mitral regurgitation may
experience paroxysmal dyspnea at night, and even symptoms such as hemoptysis
and pulmonary edema.
Atrial fibrillation may also occur with cardiac mitral
regurgitation, which shows the severity of the disease.
When you find that you have mitral regurgitation of the
heart, you must pay attention to it, and you should go to the doctor for a
physical examination in a timely manner.
How to Diagnose Heart Mitral Regurgitation?
At present, there are methods for
examining cardiac mitral regurgitation including ultrasound probe examination,
cardiac CT examination, magnetic resonance examination, and imaging
examination.
Diagnosis of the disease requires detailed inquiry of the
patient's history.
If you are diagnosed with mitral regurgitation of the heart,
you need to be actively treated. The most common method of treating the disease
is replacement.
The advantage of this treatment method is that it is easy to
operate, and the disadvantage is that it can cause dysfunction of contraction.
Some patients with mitral regurgitation of the heart can choose repair surgery
for treatment, no matter which treatment method is selected, they need to
actively cooperate with the doctor.
Patients with mitral regurgitation of the heart have the most
important life in their daily lives. They must ensure adequate rest. They must
ensure adequate sleep time and do not stay up late.
You need to maintain a
peaceful attitude at all times. Don’t hurry up, face life optimistically, and
have confidence in the treatment of diseases. Do not engage in too vigorous
physical exercise, let alone engage in heavy physical labor, so as to help
patients recover.
What is going on with mitral regurgitation? How to treat mitral regurgitation?
Treatment of Heart Mitral Regurgitation: Many patients report going to the
hospital for examination, and the color Doppler ultrasound report shows that
mitral valve regurgitation. What is going on in the heart? How to treat mitral
regurgitation?
1. What is the heart mitral regurgitation?
Mitral regurgitation, also known as mitral regurgitation, is
not complete.
We know that the heart has four chambers, the left and right
atria, and the left side is the main one. There is a door between the atrium
and the ventricle. Through this door, blood can flow. Normally, during the
diastolic phase of the heart (ventricular), blood flows from the atrium to the
ventricle.
During systole, the door closes and no blood flows. The design of
this one-way valve is similar to the pumping pump.
Through the heart's one-shot
contraction, the blood continuously flows from the atrium to the ventricle,
ensuring our normal blood circulation. The door between the left atrium and the
ventricle is called the mitral valve.
The mitral valve, as the name implies, has two pointed
valves, some of which are similar to our lips and can be opened or closed. When
blood flows during diastole, it is similar to we exhale outward, and during
systole, it is similar to walking with cold wind and closing our mouth to
prevent cold wind from entering.
Normally, there is no blood flow back to the left atrium during
systole. For various reasons, blood flows back from the left ventricle to the
left atrium during systole, which is called mitral regurgitation.
2. What is the cause of mitral regurgitation?
There are many reasons for valve regurgitation, such as valve
prolapse, valve sclerosis in the elderly, rheumatic valvular disease in young
people and young people, infectious inflammation of the valve, and enlarged
heart.
Acute mitral regurgitation immediately causes an increase in
left atrial pressure and shortness of breath. Chronic mitral regurgitation only
increases the left atrial pressure moderately. Fatigue and loss of mobility are
the main symptoms.
Acute ischemic mitral regurgitation can occur during the
onset of acute myocardial infarction, or when ventricular remodeling occurs
after myocardial infarction, causing papillary muscle displacement and valve
annulus expansion. In other cases of acute mitral regurgitation, pulmonary
edema with a normal-sized heart is more common.
3. How to treat mitral regurgitation?
Treatment of Heart Mitral Regurgitation: For those with mild mitral regurgitation, asymptomatic or
mild symptoms, don't worry too much.
If there is no other discomfort, generally
no treatment is needed, and you can work and live normally, but regular
inspections are needed to prevent the condition from getting worse.
To understand the regurgitation of the mitral and tricuspid
valves, we should start with the structure and function of the valve.
The mitral valve and the tricuspid valve are two automated
valve doors in the left atrium, left ventricle and right atrium, and right
ventricle of the human heart.
When the heart relaxes, the valve opens and the
blood flows from the atrium to the ventricle.
After the ventricle is filled, it contracts and the valve
closes tightly. The blood pumped by the ventricle enters the large and small
circulation (also called the body and lung circulation) through the large blood
vessels.
In theory, the closing of the valve should be seamless, and
there should be no blood flow back to the atrium when the ventricle is closed.
However, due to the continuous advancement of ultrasound equipment, it has been
found that the regurgitation of the mitral and tricuspid valve, especially mild
regurgitation, is quite common.
The cause of reflux can be organic or functional (or
physiological). However, it is generally considered that when the mitral valve
is slightly regurgitated and there is no problem with other examinations,
treatment may not be necessary.
A variety of organic heart diseases may damage the valve's
switch function, resulting in a situation where the door cannot be opened
(valve stenosis) or the door is not closed tightly (valve incomplete closure,
blood reflux occurs).
In clinical practice, the common causes of mitral
insufficiency are rheumatic heart disease, and others such as congenital
malformation of the valve and calcification of the mitral annulus.
It should be noted that any heart disease that causes
enlargement of the left ventricle may lead to mitral regurgitation, such as
coronary heart disease, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, hypertension heart
disease, and mitral valve prolapse.
The most common cause of tricuspid regurgitation is mostly
functional. Therefore, patients with mitral and tricuspid regurgitation should
first rule out heart disease.
If it is serious, it is necessary to take medical measures to
actively receive relevant treatment.
No need to stop the heart, no need to open the chest or cut
the heart. A team of experts in Asia have
successfully completed the "ultra-minimally invasive surgery on the
beating heart", which also means that Asia’s independently developed
mitral valve The device made a major breakthrough.
This is an Asian ValveClamp surgery, which was
successfully completed. The operation
time of this surgical catheter is only 15 minutes.
After the operation, the
patient's mitral regurgitation changed from severe to mild, and the extubation
was awakened within half an hour after the operation.
Different from traditional surgical operations and current
minimally invasive thoracic surgery, ValveClamp surgery does not require
thoracotomy and incision of the heart, and does not require cardiac arrest.
Only
a 3 cm incision is made in the precardiac area, and the heart is punctured to
send instruments for surgical operations. Therefore, this is called ultra-minimally invasive surgery done on a beating heart.
Patients should take countermeasures according to different
situations, and actively cooperate with the treatment plan proposed by the
doctor, usually pay more attention to exercise and prevention!
Author's Bio
Name: Gwynneth May
Educational Qualification: MBBS, M.D. (Medicine) Gold Medalist
Profession: Doctor
Experience: 16 Years of Work Experience as a Medical Practitioner
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